Marv, Merv. Today in Turkmenistan, Merv was once a splendid city of the Silk Road.
Fucking Mongols burned it down, allegedly killing the whole population & many refugees from their pillaging. A million people might’ve died.
You know why? The garrison defended themselves against some Mongol outriders. When the actual army arrived they did the ‘correct’ thing & surrendered, but Tolui decided to kill everyone anyway.